User Tools

Site Tools


198209

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision
Previous revision
198209 [2016/06/15 20:17] vievems198209 [2016/06/15 21:24] (current) – [Verse] vievems
Line 27: Line 27:
 |The Great Zig Zag (Lithgow)|David Ingram|Page 18| |The Great Zig Zag (Lithgow)|David Ingram|Page 18|
  
-==== The Golden Anniversary of Blue Gum Forest ====+===== The Golden Anniversary of Blue Gum Forest =====
  
 by Jim Brown by Jim Brown
Line 67: Line 67:
 S.B.W. of Portion 7 at Era - and when that was resumed, to the attempt in 1964 to buy land at Bendethera, and later still at Coolana? The purchase of land to preserve a lovely place is not a novel idea nowadays.... but I think it may have been in 1932. S.B.W. of Portion 7 at Era - and when that was resumed, to the attempt in 1964 to buy land at Bendethera, and later still at Coolana? The purchase of land to preserve a lovely place is not a novel idea nowadays.... but I think it may have been in 1932.
  
-=== Obituary - Charles Kilpatrick ===+===== Obituary - Charles Kilpatrick =====
  
 It has been reported that Honorary Member Charlie Kilpatrick, the first Secretary of the S.B.W., and a member of the Mountain Trails Club, died on 9th August, aged 78. It has been reported that Honorary Member Charlie Kilpatrick, the first Secretary of the S.B.W., and a member of the Mountain Trails Club, died on 9th August, aged 78.
Line 73: Line 73:
 Kilpatrick Causeway, leading from Kanangra Walls to Craft's Walls, bears his name. Kilpatrick Causeway, leading from Kanangra Walls to Craft's Walls, bears his name.
  
-==== Social Notes for October ====+===== Social Notes for October =====
  
 by Jo Van Sommers by Jo Van Sommers
Line 81: Line 81:
 |September 24th|Bushwalkers Ball - Lane Cove Town Hall - $6 single. B.Y.O. also bring a plate - Contact Barbara Bruce 546 6570 (H) or Denise Shaw 922 6093 (H) for further details. Join the Club party.| |September 24th|Bushwalkers Ball - Lane Cove Town Hall - $6 single. B.Y.O. also bring a plate - Contact Barbara Bruce 546 6570 (H) or Denise Shaw 922 6093 (H) for further details. Join the Club party.|
  
-==== Obituary - Ray Kirkby ====+===== Obituary - Ray Kirkby =====
  
 by Alex Colley by Alex Colley
  
-Few members have contributed more to the spirit of good humour and +Few members have contributed more to the spirit of good humour and companionship which have made the Club what it is than Ray Kirkby, who died from a heart attack on August 31st after a short illness.  Although afflicted by an ankle injury, incurred in his babyhood, and often painful, Ray joined the Club in the early forties and became one of its most active members, always keen to explore new country. He led some of the earliest trips into the Budawangs, and the first S.B.W. trips to the Western Macpherson Range and the Hastings River, as well as many well attended programme walks. 
-companionship which have made the Club what it is than Ray Kirkby, who died from a heart attack on August 31st afterz short illness. + 
-Although afflicted by an ankle injury, incurred in his babyhood, +Ray was Editor of the Magazine in 1948, Social Secretary for a time, and a member of the Committee, but it is probably for his very original humour that he will be remembered. I can well recall when Neil Schaefer came before the Committee as a prospective, adorned by a bushy beard. After the usual questions Ray asked "And tell me, does your beard impede you in thick scrub?". He was the author and producer of the Club's first camp fire opera - the drama of Dorman Long pleading in court his innocence of a charge of fare evasion on a tram - and articles such as "Five Returns Dulbolla, please", "Lavender and Old Accounts", and "Christmas - a Loathsome Time".
-and often painful, Ray joined the Club in the early 'forties and became one of its most active members, always keen to explore new country. He led some of the earliest trips into the Budawangs, and the first S.B.W. trips to the Western Macpherson Range and the Hastings River, as well aS +
-many well attended programme walks. +
-Ray was Editor of the Magazine in 1948, Social Secretary for a time, and a member of the Committee, but it is probably for his very original humour that he will be remembered. I can well recall when Neil Schaefer came before the Committee as a prospective, adorned by a bushy beard. After the usual questions Ray asked "And tell me, does your beard impede you in thick scrub?". He was the author and producer of the Club's first camp fire opera - the drama of Dorman Long pleading in court his innocence of a charge of fare evasion on a tram - and articles such as "Five Returns Dulbolla, please", "Lavender and Old Accounts", and "Christmas - a Loathsome Time".+
 Ray married a fellow club member, Jean Thirgood, bought a block of land at Castlecrag, and after manually removing several hundred tons of rock, built a lovely home there. In later years the urge to explore took them to places such as Afghanistan, North Africa and the Middle East, North and South America and New Zealand, but Ray continued to be an active walker, often in the company of daughter Christine and husband Craig, and latterly with baby Dane too. Ray married a fellow club member, Jean Thirgood, bought a block of land at Castlecrag, and after manually removing several hundred tons of rock, built a lovely home there. In later years the urge to explore took them to places such as Afghanistan, North Africa and the Middle East, North and South America and New Zealand, but Ray continued to be an active walker, often in the company of daughter Christine and husband Craig, and latterly with baby Dane too.
- He joined the Dungalla Club and contributed to its activities much as he had in the S.B.W. He was President and Social Secretary for a time, organised and led many outings, wrote for the "Dungalloper" and provided camp fire entertainment. + 
-Ray will be sadly missed by all who knew him, but he leaves lovely +He joined the Dungalla Club and contributed to its activities much as he had in the S.B.W. He was President and Social Secretary for a time, organised and led many outings, wrote for the "Dungalloper" and provided camp fire entertainment. 
-memories. Our deepest sympathy to Jean, Christine and Craig. + 
-* * * * * * * * * * +Ray will be sadly missed by all who knew him, but he leaves lovely memories. Our deepest sympathy to Jean, Christine and Craig. 
-Page 6 THE SYDNEY HUSHRALKER Sep-bon-loom., 1962. + 
-HANDY HINTS FOR SWITZERLAND.  +===== Handy hints for Switzerland ===== 
-by Owen Marks. +  
-Having just returned from a four-weeks holiday in Switzerland, I feel that the following information may be of interest to those who would like to visit this beautiful country but are put off by the rumours of it being too expensive. I found it just the opposite. Quite cheap in fact, but you must be very sensible and at times parsimonious. Here's what you can do:- +by Owen Marks 
-Buy a 4-week Swiss Pass for $140 the minute you enter Swiss territory- From then on all trains (government or private), country buses, boats (river and lake) and the occasional cable car are at your disposal. The cost amounts to less than $5 per day. + 
-Food in supermarkets is certainly cheaper than Australia, but only if you buy sensibly and change your diet radically, of course. Cafeterias in department stores are less than Sydney prices and cleaner too, I might add. Ordinary restaurants overlooking stupendous views can be pricy, but all eating establishments have menus outside and you can judge for yourself.+Having just returned from a four-weeks holiday in Switzerland, I feel that the following information may be of interest to those who would like to visit this beautiful country but are put off by the rumours of it being too expensive. I found it just the opposite. Quite cheap in fact, but you must be very sensible and at times parsimonious.  
 + 
 +Here's what you can do:- 
 + 
 +Buy a 4 week Swiss Pass for $140 the minute you enter Swiss territory - from then on all trains (government or private), country buses, boats (river and lake) and the occasional cable car are at your disposal. The cost amounts to less than $5 per day. 
 + 
 +Food in supermarkets is certainly cheaper than Australia, but only if you buy sensibly and change your diet radically, of course. Cafeterias in department stores are less than Sydney prices and cleaner too, I might add. Ordinary restaurants overlooking stupendous views can be pricy, but all eating establishments have menus outside and you can judge for yourself. 
 The Swiss Pass works in two Italian valleys that jut into Switzerland, and you can stock up with cheap Italian tucker whilst passing from one Swiss Canton to the other. The Swiss do it, in grand style, so the humble tourist need not be fazed. The Swiss Pass works in two Italian valleys that jut into Switzerland, and you can stock up with cheap Italian tucker whilst passing from one Swiss Canton to the other. The Swiss do it, in grand style, so the humble tourist need not be fazed.
 +
 Accommodation is also no problem. .There are youth hostels that take any age sprinkled all over the place from little chalets with cows underneath (immelwald) to converted Hapsburg castles (Brug - added interest is that it was built on the camp of the Vth Roman Legion). The price varies from $3 to $5 per night and there are some which have no curfew and hardly any visitors between seasons either. In nearly every village you see signs "Rooms" in fOur languages, and prices are approximately $10 or $11. . (Once again you can stay in Italy for $7 a double.) If you like you can stay in posh hotels in Zurich for $80 - I don't know what they are like inside but they should at least be clean. Accommodation is also no problem. .There are youth hostels that take any age sprinkled all over the place from little chalets with cows underneath (immelwald) to converted Hapsburg castles (Brug - added interest is that it was built on the camp of the Vth Roman Legion). The price varies from $3 to $5 per night and there are some which have no curfew and hardly any visitors between seasons either. In nearly every village you see signs "Rooms" in fOur languages, and prices are approximately $10 or $11. . (Once again you can stay in Italy for $7 a double.) If you like you can stay in posh hotels in Zurich for $80 - I don't know what they are like inside but they should at least be clean.
 +
 That disposes of TRANSPORT, FOOD & ACCOMMODATION. That disposes of TRANSPORT, FOOD & ACCOMMODATION.
-PEEN to go? Obviously if you are a ski-nut, winter is perfect. If you like walking down passes with wildflowers underfoot and cow bells up the valleys, summer is what you need. In autumn and spring when the locals don't travel is the best. Spring is ideal - still freezing at night and days go up to 15 to 18 degrees but this has its advantages. Every house has to be heated.throughout and that means either a boiler room or hot water radiators everywhere. (Swiss money means everyone can afford it, has to have it and can't survive without it.) Following on, you can wash your clothes at night and they are always dry at dawn. Every train, bus, waiting room, even public -ballets are heated. Yet in summer, if there is a cold snap, nothing is .+ 
 +KEEN to go? Obviously if you are a ski-nut, winter is perfect. If you like walking down passes with wildflowers underfoot and cow bells up the valleys, summer is what you need. In autumn and spring when the locals don't travel is the best. Spring is ideal - still freezing at night and days go up to 15 to 18 degrees but this has its advantages. Every house has to be heated throughout and that means either a boiler room or hot water radiators everywhere. (Swiss money means everyone can afford it, has to have it and can't survive without it.) Following on, you can wash your clothes at night and they are always dry at dawn. Every train, bus, waiting room, even public -ballets are heated. Yet in summer, if there is a cold snap, nothing is .
 switched an. "We Swiss are tough", so I was told. switched an. "We Swiss are tough", so I was told.
-WHERE to go? You can travel forever. Mountains along the southern border with plains stretching to the Rhine River covered with medieval towns, snow-white villages and the modern cities. There are lakes everywhere with white swans gliding everywhere and the rivers are always crystal clear. My favourite spot vas south of Interlaken in a valley underneath the Jungfrau + 
-Page 7 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER Septegber, 1982. +WHERE to go? You can travel forever. Mountains along the southern border with plains stretching to the Rhine River covered with medieval towns, snow-white villages and the modern cities. There are lakes everywhere with white swans gliding everywhere and the rivers are always crystal clear. My favourite spot vas south of Interlaken in a valley underneath the Jungfrau with villages like Murren, Wengen, Gimmelwald all with no motor cars, with incredible views and all accessible with cog trains or by aerial gondolas. ALL FREE, once you have your Swiss Pass. 
-with villages like Murren, Wengen, Gimmelwald all with no motor cars, with incredible views and all accessible with cog trains or by aerial gondolas. ALL FREE, once you have your Swiss Pass.+
 LANGUAGE PROBLEM? None: Everybody speaks a smattering of German, Italian or French. Anyway you can always find somebody that speaks English, like in cuckoo clock shops or railway stations. LANGUAGE PROBLEM? None: Everybody speaks a smattering of German, Italian or French. Anyway you can always find somebody that speaks English, like in cuckoo clock shops or railway stations.
 +
 BEWARE OF BEWARE OF
 1. Railway conductors who make you close the windows even though the carriage is 40 deg and full of smoking Skiers. 1. Railway conductors who make you close the windows even though the carriage is 40 deg and full of smoking Skiers.
Line 121: Line 129:
 7. Of buying a house. NOthing under $250,000, and for:goodness sake apn't build. You have to have an atom bomb proof shelter in the basement. 7. Of buying a house. NOthing under $250,000, and for:goodness sake apn't build. You have to have an atom bomb proof shelter in the basement.
 8. The art gallery in Zurich. Woeful. 'Zurich also houses a huge Mus.eum of Transport, but it is only fit fpr children. 8. The art gallery in Zurich. Woeful. 'Zurich also houses a huge Mus.eum of Transport, but it is only fit fpr children.
-This article is dedicated to Margaret Reid, for without her encourage- cent, this would not have been written. +This article is dedicated to Margaret Reid, for without her encouragement, this would not have been written. 
-* * * * * * * * *+
 parka-chewing German shepherd. "ITersicherung" over arid over. scheme for such occasions. parka-chewing German shepherd. "ITersicherung" over arid over. scheme for such occasions.
 flidk cigarette ends at you or safety pins in their ears. flidk cigarette ends at you or safety pins in their ears.
-BUSHWALkER RECIPE No.5  + 
-Bran and Apricot Loaf.  +===== Bushwalker Recipe No. 5 ===== 
-oup chopped dried apricots cup All-bran + 
-1 cup brown sugar +by Jill Cahn 
-1 cup bbiling water + 
-by Jill Cahn. +__Bran and Apricot Loaf__ 
-Place in basin and soak overnight. + 
-Add 1i cups S.R. 'Flour, pinch salt, teaspoon vanilla. Bake in greased+cup chopped dried apricots\\ 1 cup All-bran\\ 1 cup brown sugar\\ 1 cup boiling water 
 + 
 +Place in basin and soak overnight.  Add 1 1/4 cups S.R. Flour, pinch salt, teaspoon vanilla. Bake in greased
 loaf tin, moderate oven - 30 minutes. loaf tin, moderate oven - 30 minutes.
-X!..XXXXX**". + 
-eastwood + 
-cam ing +Advertisement Eastwood Camping Centre 
-ce + 
-ICAMPING EQUIPMENT Large Tents  Stoves  Lamps Folding Furniture. +===== The Third Walk ===== 
-DISTRIBUTORS OF: + 
-Paddymade  Karrimor  Berghaus  Hallmark  Bergans  Caribee  Fairydown  Silva  Primus  Companion  and all leading brands. +by Bill Gamble 
-BUSHWALKERS + 
-1 Lightweight Tents  Sleeping Bags  Rucksacks  Climbing 8. Caving Gear  Maps  Clothing  Boots  Food. +(This completes the walks reports of seven members in the Dart-Rees, Routeburn and Nelson Lakes areas of New Zealand's South Island, between 12 March and 12 April, 1982. Accounts of the first and second walks were contributed by John Newman and Keith Docherty in the July and August issues of the magazine.) 
-/"Proprietors: Jack 8- Nancy Fox +
-Sales Manager: David Fox +
-Rowe Street +
-EASTWOOD CANVAS GOODS & CAMPING SUPPLIES 3 Trelavvrey St Eastwood NSW 2122 Phone: 858 2775 +
-Rutledge Street +
-Page 9 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER September, 1982. +
-THE THIRD WALK. by Bill Gamble(This completes the walks reports of seven members in the +
-Dart-Rees, Routeburn and_ Nelson Lakes areas of New Zealand's South +
-Island, between 12 March and 12 April, 1982. Accounts of the first and second walks were contributed by John Newman and Keith Docherty in the July and August issues of the magazine.)+
 Climatically, Nelson Lakes National Park generally offers the best prospects of fine weather but this did not happen with us. The fine dais which had followed us throughout our two and a half weeks in the Southern Lakes district left us to a cold change that dumped much snow an the tops and thwarted our plan to walk to the high level hut at Lake Angelus and down Robert Ridge to Park Headquarters at St. Arnaud. Climatically, Nelson Lakes National Park generally offers the best prospects of fine weather but this did not happen with us. The fine dais which had followed us throughout our two and a half weeks in the Southern Lakes district left us to a cold change that dumped much snow an the tops and thwarted our plan to walk to the high level hut at Lake Angelus and down Robert Ridge to Park Headquarters at St. Arnaud.
-- After a damp night tenting in the campground at West Bay near Park Headquarters, we started our third walk along the eastern side of Lake Rotoiti on Saturday, 3 April 1982, headed for a lunch-stop at the Lake Aead Hut, and an overnight stop at John Tait Hut in the mid-Travers Valley. Lorraine Bloomfield, Joy Hynes and Ian Debert were away by 9.15 am, while + 
-John Newman and Keith Docherty waited for StaftMadden and Bill Gamble to +After a damp night tenting in the campground at West Bay near Park Headquarters, we started our third walk along the eastern side of Lake Rotoiti on Saturday, 3 April 1982, headed for a lunch-stop at the Lake Aead Hut, and an overnight stop at John Tait Hut in the mid-Travers Valley. Lorraine Bloomfield, Joy Hynes and Ian Debert were away by 9.15 am, while John Newman and Keith Docherty waited for StaftMadden and Bill Gamble to park the mini-bus back at the campground, near to where the walk was planned to end, and return an foot. At noon everyone had gathered at Lake Head Hut for lunch in overcast weather. A cracking pace had been set along the lake's edge which was not sustained in the afternoon. 
-park the mini-bus back at the campground, near to where the walk was planned + 
-to end, and return an foot. At noon everyone had gathered at Lake Head Hut for lunch in overcast weather. A cracking pace had been set along the lake's edge which was not sustained in the afternoon. +After lunch, the party crossed the dry bed of the Travers River (near the mouth the water went underground due to its low level - by N.Z. standards that is) and walked up the centre of the valley through long, dry grass,' eventually joining the track on the west side of the valley. The last couple of hours of walking were slow, reflecting a party which had burnt itself out early by too fast a pace. For all, there was a weary arrival at John Tait Hut; for some aching feet, and unfortunately for Lorraine, a 'recurrence of the blisters sustained on the first walk in the Dart-Rees area of Mount Aspiring National Park which would prevent her going on 
- After lunch, the party crossed the dry bed of the Travers River (near +John Tait Hut, with its smoking stove and inability to warm, was our base for a day and another night. Our companions were two energetic New Zealanders tramping and climbing their way through the Park. Their climbs of lit.Aopeless, 7475 feet, and Mt. Travers, 7671 feet, without ropes or aids of any kind left us a little breathless, as we contemplated jagged edges of rock rising 5000 feet above the valley floor. 
-the mouth the water went underground due to its low level - by N.Z. standards that is) and walked up the centre of the valley through long, dry grass,' eventually joining the track on the west side of the valley. The last couple of hours of walking were slow, reflecting a party which had burnt itself out early by too fast a pace. For all, there was a weary arrival at John Tait Hut; for some aching feet, and unfortunately for Lorraine, a 'recurrence of the blisters sustained on the first walk in the Dart-Rees area +
-of Mount Aspiring National Park which would prevent her going on +
-John Tait Hut, with its smoking stove and inability to warm, was our base for a day and another night. Our companions were two energetic New +
-Zealanders tramping and climbing their way through the Park. Their climbs of lit.Aopeless, 7475 feet, and Mt. Travers, 7671 feet, without ropes or aids +
-of any kind left us a little breathless, as we contemplated jagged edges of rock rising 5000 feet above the valley floor.+
 Our efforts in the Oupola Basin nearby on the following day included inadvertently locking Keith in the hut on the bushline so that he had to climb out a -window, and an energetic scramble on anowgrass and scree slopes Our efforts in the Oupola Basin nearby on the following day included inadvertently locking Keith in the hut on the bushline so that he had to climb out a -window, and an energetic scramble on anowgrass and scree slopes
 up to .a steep saddle which gave brief views down into the Sabine Valley.' up to .a steep saddle which gave brief views down into the Sabine Valley.'
Line 168: Line 166:
 Stan, Keith and Bill made the views at the saddle, Ian missed by five minutes, Stan, Keith and Bill made the views at the saddle, Ian missed by five minutes,
 and John and Joy stayed about 3-400 feet down the scree and sheltered from the weather. We all returned to the hut for lunch, took a last look at the magnificent cirque of peaks at the head of the basin and then plunged down the track to join Lorraine at John Tait Hut. and John and Joy stayed about 3-400 feet down the scree and sheltered from the weather. We all returned to the hut for lunch, took a last look at the magnificent cirque of peaks at the head of the basin and then plunged down the track to join Lorraine at John Tait Hut.
-Page 10 THE SYDNEY .BUSHWALKER September, 1982.+
 The next day dawned clear and cold and there was much anticipation in the planned walk over the Travers Saddle:to the-Sabine Forks, a long day in which 3300 feet would be gained and 3700 feet lost. The next day dawned clear and cold and there was much anticipation in the planned walk over the Travers Saddle:to the-Sabine Forks, a long day in which 3300 feet would be gained and 3700 feet lost.
 The party, without Lorraine who stayed at John Tait Hut, reached Upper Travers Hut for an early Iunc, after an idyllic walk along the upper reaches of the Travers River. The location of the hut amid fine mountain scenery The party, without Lorraine who stayed at John Tait Hut, reached Upper Travers Hut for an early Iunc, after an idyllic walk along the upper reaches of the Travers River. The location of the hut amid fine mountain scenery
Line 181: Line 179:
 but settled for a day walk from West Sabine Hut to achieve much of what we intended to do. This enabled Stan and Keith to make an early start back across the, saddle to John Tait Hut and Lorraine. but settled for a day walk from West Sabine Hut to achieve much of what we intended to do. This enabled Stan and Keith to make an early start back across the, saddle to John Tait Hut and Lorraine.
 The West Branch of the Sabine is a steep-sided valley until it breaks out at the bushlifte at Blue Lake. The peaks seemed poised to fall headlong into the valley, scree slopes plunged down to the river's edge and the forest lay green, wet, mossy and smelling of rotting vegetation, reminiscent of sour wine. There was birdlife, but by New South Wales standards somewhat sparse. AlWays present was the IDlunging, cascading river, the waters seldom quiet on their journey to the lower reaches of the valley and Lake Rotoroa. The West Branch of the Sabine is a steep-sided valley until it breaks out at the bushlifte at Blue Lake. The peaks seemed poised to fall headlong into the valley, scree slopes plunged down to the river's edge and the forest lay green, wet, mossy and smelling of rotting vegetation, reminiscent of sour wine. There was birdlife, but by New South Wales standards somewhat sparse. AlWays present was the IDlunging, cascading river, the waters seldom quiet on their journey to the lower reaches of the valley and Lake Rotoroa.
-The weather slowly deteriorated as the morning progressed. Claud came in from the north and one by one the tops di"sappeared into mist and cloud. Then came the rain, light at first then later quite steady, raising the level of the West Branch of the Sabine River overnight by a couple of inches. . The rain dampened the end of, but did not spoil, a good day walk. Our stroll up to Blue Lake was leisurely and there was time for a good look at the lake and the mountains before all were reduced to shades of grey.+The weather slowly deteriorated as the morning progressed. Claud came in from the north and one by one the tops disappeared into mist and cloud. Then came the rain, light at first then later quite steady, raising the level of the West Branch of the Sabine River overnight by a couple of inches. . The rain dampened the end of, but did not spoil, a good day walk. Our stroll up to Blue Lake was leisurely and there was time for a good look at the lake and the mountains before all were reduced to shades of grey.
 The hut at Blue Lake held interest with four deerstalkers showing-off a chamois, shot the night before in the upper reaches of the Waiau Valley. It was first encounter in a month of walking with an important facet of New Zealand mountain life, the deerstalker. Stan, John and Keith showed their ,oaces in returning from Blue Lake to West Sabine Hut in a little over one hour in misty rain. The others came in more slowly, gathering more rain than sweat for their efforts. The hut at Blue Lake held interest with four deerstalkers showing-off a chamois, shot the night before in the upper reaches of the Waiau Valley. It was first encounter in a month of walking with an important facet of New Zealand mountain life, the deerstalker. Stan, John and Keith showed their ,oaces in returning from Blue Lake to West Sabine Hut in a little over one hour in misty rain. The others came in more slowly, gathering more rain than sweat for their efforts.
-2age 11 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER September, 1982.+
 ...a.y..E.m.mma.............ymy... ...a.y..E.m.mma.............ymy...
 The -next day came clear and chilly after the rain which had stopped in the early hours of the morning. Snow could be seen on the tops in the Moonlight and the sprinkling did not disappear until around mid-morning. By then, clouds were again building up along the tops. The -next day came clear and chilly after the rain which had stopped in the early hours of the morning. Snow could be seen on the tops in the Moonlight and the sprinkling did not disappear until around mid-morning. By then, clouds were again building up along the tops.
Line 196: Line 194:
 Thursday, 8 April, dawned misty with low cloud, not bad enough to cancel outright our plans but leaving a_lot of doubt as to what conditions would be like two-thirds of a mile above us. At 7.45 am we walked around the back of the hut and stepped straight into a steep ridge climb which lifted us 35.50 feet to Mt. Cedric in little over miles. We passed through the cloud layer. Thursday, 8 April, dawned misty with low cloud, not bad enough to cancel outright our plans but leaving a_lot of doubt as to what conditions would be like two-thirds of a mile above us. At 7.45 am we walked around the back of the hut and stepped straight into a steep ridge climb which lifted us 35.50 feet to Mt. Cedric in little over miles. We passed through the cloud layer.
 around the lake to find ourselves in clear air, but by the time we left the bushline 500 feet below Mt. Cedric we had entered another cloud layer with the added discomforts of light, cold rain on a steady breeze. After an hour on the tops walking to Mt. Cedric in thick cloud in the hope of a break it became obvious that the weather was worsening, so we turned back and sought shelter in the busilline, and later from heavy rain, at low level at the Sabine Hut on the lake edge. On the tops, snow fell thickly. What had taken us over four hours of uphill plodding was descended in 1-2 hours, depending on the various members of the party. We all felt disappointed . in having to abort the last stage of the walk. The'eleven'miles"thraugh-' around the lake to find ourselves in clear air, but by the time we left the bushline 500 feet below Mt. Cedric we had entered another cloud layer with the added discomforts of light, cold rain on a steady breeze. After an hour on the tops walking to Mt. Cedric in thick cloud in the hope of a break it became obvious that the weather was worsening, so we turned back and sought shelter in the busilline, and later from heavy rain, at low level at the Sabine Hut on the lake edge. On the tops, snow fell thickly. What had taken us over four hours of uphill plodding was descended in 1-2 hours, depending on the various members of the party. We all felt disappointed . in having to abort the last stage of the walk. The'eleven'miles"thraugh-'
-Page 12 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER September, '1982.+
 the forest on the lakeside Rotoroa Track the next day was no substitute for ridge walking in fine weather. the forest on the lakeside Rotoroa Track the next day was no substitute for ridge walking in fine weather.
 As expected on the eve of the Easter weekend, the hut filled with As expected on the eve of the Easter weekend, the hut filled with
Line 207: Line 205:
 With the party together again late on Good Friday, the third walk had been completed, not quite as intended but nevertheless successfully and safely. A clear night and full moon lighted the snow-covered mountains, and we all slept well in an overnight bivvy on the floor of the West Bay campground' cooking shelter. At 8.15 am on Saturday, 10 April, we left our hut fees at Park HQ and headed north on State Highway 6 for Picton and then down the. storm-lashed east coast of the South Island to Christchurch and the connecting Air New Zealand flight to Sydney on Easter Monday morning. With the party together again late on Good Friday, the third walk had been completed, not quite as intended but nevertheless successfully and safely. A clear night and full moon lighted the snow-covered mountains, and we all slept well in an overnight bivvy on the floor of the West Bay campground' cooking shelter. At 8.15 am on Saturday, 10 April, we left our hut fees at Park HQ and headed north on State Highway 6 for Picton and then down the. storm-lashed east coast of the South Island to Christchurch and the connecting Air New Zealand flight to Sydney on Easter Monday morning.
 Nap references: Nelson Lakes National Park, NMS 164; or NZMS 1;63360 series - St.Arnaud S33 and Spenser 840) Nap references: Nelson Lakes National Park, NMS 164; or NZMS 1;63360 series - St.Arnaud S33 and Spenser 840)
 +
 +
 DAY WALK on 21st NOVEMBER - Waterfall to Otford - Leader: Joe Marton. DAY WALK on 21st NOVEMBER - Waterfall to Otford - Leader: Joe Marton.
 Thia walk is a TEST WALK- Please alter your Walks Programme accordingly. Thia walk is a TEST WALK- Please alter your Walks Programme accordingly.
-_ + 
-Page 13 THE SYDNEY BUSHWLLKM September; 1982- +===== Conservation and Punishment ===== 
-CONSERVATION AND PUNISHMENT.  + 
-by Peter Miller.+by Peter Miller 
 The following report on the Australian penal system has been received from the planet Xyloton which is ten billion light years away. An agent from the planet has infiltrated the Sydney Bushwalkers in order to find out how conservationists are punished, and a copy of the highly confidential report has been leaked to the magazine editor - - - read on. The following report on the Australian penal system has been received from the planet Xyloton which is ten billion light years away. An agent from the planet has infiltrated the Sydney Bushwalkers in order to find out how conservationists are punished, and a copy of the highly confidential report has been leaked to the magazine editor - - - read on.
 Report on Earthly Penal Systems.  Report on Earthly Penal Systems. 
Line 229: Line 230:
 distressingly high. Many even corrupt their offspring to their perverted distressingly high. Many even corrupt their offspring to their perverted
 way of thinking and the poor little mites can be seen bushwalking like hardened criminals. Attempts to separate the children from the parents so that they way of thinking and the poor little mites can be seen bushwalking like hardened criminals. Attempts to separate the children from the parents so that they
-14 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALIER Sepmbe:r, 1962.+
 can grow into normal smog-loving consumers have so far failed. can grow into normal smog-loving consumers have so far failed.
 First offenders are called -"prbSpdatiVe-Sfl-and-iUcily for normal society the majority of these soon realize the error of their ways and return to being normal .consumers. First offenders are called -"prbSpdatiVe-Sfl-and-iUcily for normal society the majority of these soon realize the error of their ways and return to being normal .consumers.
Line 239: Line 240:
 My general impression of "conservationists" is that they are a pretty toagh type of criminal. Research into old records here on Xyloton reveals that many years ago this crime was first observed, but quick action by the Ithought' police eradicated the problem. Today we enjoy a totally computer- controlled, humidified, non-toxic, air-conditioned, stabilized, uniform society. My general impression of "conservationists" is that they are a pretty toagh type of criminal. Research into old records here on Xyloton reveals that many years ago this crime was first observed, but quick action by the Ithought' police eradicated the problem. Today we enjoy a totally computer- controlled, humidified, non-toxic, air-conditioned, stabilized, uniform society.
 Mile in Australia I assumed the name and semi-human form of one Peter Miller to avoid detection as an agent of Xyloton. Mile in Australia I assumed the name and semi-human form of one Peter Miller to avoid detection as an agent of Xyloton.
-* * * * * * * * + 
-CARLSBAD CAVERNS.  +===== Carlsbad Caverns ===== 
-by Allan WYborn.+ 
 +by Allan WYborn 
 Tucked away in the far south-eastern corner of "The Land of Enchantment" (Sew Mexico, U.S.A.), are Carlsbad Caverns, the second-largest system in the world. Although many other caves are deeper, the correct yardstick is by volume - and the main thing about Carlsbad is its colossal volume: Tucked away in the far south-eastern corner of "The Land of Enchantment" (Sew Mexico, U.S.A.), are Carlsbad Caverns, the second-largest system in the world. Although many other caves are deeper, the correct yardstick is by volume - and the main thing about Carlsbad is its colossal volume:
 The limestone of which the caves -,re formed was deposited when the area was an inland arm of the sea during Permian times. Carlsbad entrance is situated on the top of the 64 km long Guadalupe Reef escarpment at an eleva4on of 1350 metres. The approach is through a 10 km canyon from Whites City on Highway 130, there being no camping permitted in the Carlsbad National Park. The limestone of which the caves -,re formed was deposited when the area was an inland arm of the sea during Permian times. Carlsbad entrance is situated on the top of the 64 km long Guadalupe Reef escarpment at an eleva4on of 1350 metres. The approach is through a 10 km canyon from Whites City on Highway 130, there being no camping permitted in the Carlsbad National Park.
 Visitors have a choice of either walking in (down) through the natural entrance on a complete 5 km trip, or entering by elevator for the last 2 km of this tour - a walk through the "Big Room". We arrived for the guided . walk-in at 10 am which proved a good starting time. The outside temperatnre was -7o maxi=m (and -16oC minimum:), so the temperature of 13oC inside the caverns was quite warm by comparison. It took two hours to descend the vertical drop of 230 metres by well-graded ramps, with two stops for lectures on the way. At one point we were shown a "bottomless pit", well-fenced, of course! Visitors have a choice of either walking in (down) through the natural entrance on a complete 5 km trip, or entering by elevator for the last 2 km of this tour - a walk through the "Big Room". We arrived for the guided . walk-in at 10 am which proved a good starting time. The outside temperatnre was -7o maxi=m (and -16oC minimum:), so the temperature of 13oC inside the caverns was quite warm by comparison. It took two hours to descend the vertical drop of 230 metres by well-graded ramps, with two stops for lectures on the way. At one point we were shown a "bottomless pit", well-fenced, of course!
 The guides allowed us to see all the many formations without trying to The guides allowed us to see all the many formations without trying to
-Page .15. TEE SYDNEY BUSEAALKER Septscr,1982.+
 give us fanciful descriptions. The many shapes were fantastic, but as only 5% are active, the colours were quite dull - not like our beautiful colours such as we have in, say, Jenolan Caves. Another factor affecting this is the lack of various minerals - even the active formations had very little colour. give us fanciful descriptions. The many shapes were fantastic, but as only 5% are active, the colours were quite dull - not like our beautiful colours such as we have in, say, Jenolan Caves. Another factor affecting this is the lack of various minerals - even the active formations had very little colour.
 There were 125 people in our group, including three guides, which was just an average-size party for them. The guides provided much information and were most concerned about the welfare of the party. After the descent through many caverns, there was now an ascent of 30 metres, which acted as an There were 125 people in our group, including three guides, which was just an average-size party for them. The guides provided much information and were most concerned about the welfare of the party. After the descent through many caverns, there was now an ascent of 30 metres, which acted as an
Line 259: Line 262:
 We returned to daylight by elevator in a few minutes - a vertical We returned to daylight by elevator in a few minutes - a vertical
 height of 225 metres. We had been underground for over four hours and had . Walked more than 5 km. In all, a most entertaining day indeed. height of 225 metres. We had been underground for over four hours and had . Walked more than 5 km. In all, a most entertaining day indeed.
-* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * + 
-Daee 16 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER September, 1982 + 
- .111111. ..'  +===== The August General Meeting ===== 
-THE lrosT GENERAL -MEETING.' +  
-by Harry Wallace. +by Harry Wallace 
-The meeting began at about 2020 hours with 30 or so members present and Vice-President Ainslie Morrisin the chair. There were apologies from Tony Marshall, Barbara Bruce and Steve aad Wendy Hodgman. New members + 
-Pam Reid, Colin Reid, Wendy Heap, George Mawer and Peter Hislop answered the call to be welcomed as new members, and Ray Franklin and Sandy Hynes came forward from previous general meetings.' +The meeting began at about 2020 hours with 30 or so members present and Vice President Ainslie Morris in the chair. There were apologies from Tony Marshall, Barbara Bruce and Steve and Wendy Hodgman. New members Pam Reid, Colin Reid, Wendy Heap, George Mawer and Peter Hislop answered the call to be welcomed as new members, and Ray Franklin and Sandy Hynes came forward from previous general meetings. 
-The Minutes were read and received. Matters arising brought agreeMent to a proposal that surplus funds from the Annapurna Climbing Group be used to set up a memorial fund with proceeds available to fund future expedition's. It seets S.B.W. contributed to the original fund but the expedition was cut short due to casualties early in the climb. + 
-Correspondence comprised letters to Sheila Binns, Denise Shaw and +The Minutes were read and received. Matters arising brought agreement to a proposal that surplus funds from the Annapurna Climbing Group be used to set up a memorial fund with proceeds available to fund future expedition's. It seems S.B.W. contributed to the original fund but the expedition was cut short due to casualties early in the climb. 
-Dunlop. There was also a letter advising change of address from Chris Perrers + 
-and a reply from Dunlop. This reply letter is to be read to the SeptemberGeneral Meeting. -+Correspondence comprised letters to Sheila Binns, Denise Shaw and Dunlop. There was also a letter advising change of address from Chris Perrers and a reply from Dunlop. This reply letter is to be read to the September General Meeting. 
 The Treasurer's Report indicated that we began the month with $2881.92, received $298.50, spent $462.75 to close with $2717.67. The Coolana Account balance was unchanged at $99.53. The Treasurer's Report indicated that we began the month with $2881.92, received $298.50, spent $462.75 to close with $2717.67. The Coolana Account balance was unchanged at $99.53.
-Our Federation delegates had fumbled this time around and there was no formal report. It seems the most recent Federation meeting was concerned with the election of officers. There was also an announcement'of the Federation Ball to.be held on Friday, 24th September. + 
-All of which brought u8 to the Walks Report. We started with Barrie Nardoch leading 4 members, one prospective and one visitor through early-frost and fog on Saturday morning to a brighter morrow on his Blackhorse Range trip fbr the weekend of 16,17,18 July. There was no report of Charlie Brown's Yadboro Flat trip but Peter Hislop had 4 starters on his Nbllongambe Crater walk, reporting easy ridges and difficult navigation. +Our Federation delegates had fumbled this time around and there was no formal report. It seems the most recent Federation meeting was concerned with the election of officers. There was also an announcement of the Federation Ball to be held on Friday, 24th September. 
-Of the two day walks that weekend Ralph Penglis had 30 people, many of them students as visitors, on his Sydney Harbour Walk. There were some dropouts but the remnant finished up at Manly. Roy Braithwaite, on the other hand, had 17 people on his Lilyvale to Bundeena ramble, despite some problems with trains. Bill Hall's midweek walk from Waterfall to Heathcote went, but there were no details. + 
-The following weekend, 23,24,25 July saw -Jim Laing with some navigational problems, 5 starters and a rather confused report. It was rumoured to be a get fit walk in preparation for Central Australia, so maybe not everyone kept up .... or something. John Newman had 11 people on his Bundeena to Otfard walk and they encountered deer and whales, each in their respective medium, and finished the walk with apple pie and icecream. Jim Brown reported 14 members and 3 prospectives enjoying perfect weather on the walk from Waterfall to Lilyvale. +All of which brought us to the Walks Report. We started with Barrie Murdoch leading 4 members, one prospective and one visitor through early frost and fog on Saturday morning to a brighter morrow on his Blackhorse Range trip for the weekend of 16,17,18 July. There was no report of Charlie Brown's Yadboro Flat trip but Peter Hislop had 4 starters on his Wbllongambe Crater walk, reporting easy ridges and difficult navigation. 
-Derek Nilson had 6 of our members and various other clubs either on, or in parallel with, his Tinpot Track, Cox River, Breakfast Creek trip over the weekend of 30,31 July, 1st August. Frank Taeker led 15 members and 5 prospectives on his Budawangs walk of that same weekend. They reported perfect + 
-Page 17 TITRI SYDNEY BUSHWAIKER . September, 1982. +Of the two day walks that weekend Ralph Penglis had 30 people, many of them students as visitors, on his Sydney Harbour Walk. There were some dropouts but the remnant finished up at Manly. Roy Braithwaite, on the other hand, had 17 people on his Lilyvale to Bundeena ramble, despite some problems with trains. Bill Hall's midweek walk from Waterfall to Heathcote went, but there were no details. 
-weather, but had one member back 24 hours late. There was no report of Joe Marton's Glenbrook walk but Bill.Hall's Waterfall trip did go, although there were no details. + 
-The weekend of 6,7,,8 August saw something of an innovation uith Ainslie Morris conducting a walk hased on the Bundanoon Youth Hostel. There were 20 people an the walk - described as good for those who dislike winter camping. Alan Pike had only 3 starters for his modified Three Peaks Trip, so cancelled the trip. There was no report of Errol Sheedyls walk from Heathcote to Waterfall, but Kath Brown had 30 starters on her Red Hand Cave walk to end the Walks Report. +The following weekend, 23,24,25 July saw Jim Laing with some navigational problems, 5 starters and a rather confused report. It was rumoured to be a get fit walk in preparation for Central Australia, so maybe not everyone kept up .... or something. John Newman had 11 people on his Bundeena to Otford walk and they encountered deer and whales, each in their respective medium, and finished the walk with apple pie and ice-cream. Jim Brown reported 14 members and 3 prospectives enjoying perfect weather on the walk from Waterfall to Lilyvale. 
-General Business brought a motion that Alex Cooley be appointed as + 
-club representative to Natural Areas Ltd. He is to attend the coming general meeting and report back.+Derek Wilson had 6 of our members and various other clubs either on, or in parallel with, his Tinpot Track, Cox River, Breakfast Creek trip over the weekend of 30, 31 July, 1st August. Frank Taeker led 15 members and 5 prospectives on his Budawangs walk of that same weekend. They reported perfect weather, but had one member back 24 hours late. There was no report of Joe Marton's Glenbrook walk but Bill Hall's Waterfall trip did go, although there were no details. 
 + 
 +The weekend of 6,7,8 August saw something of an innovation with Ainslie Morris conducting a walk based on the Bundanoon Youth Hostel. There were 20 people an the walk - described as good for those who dislike winter camping. Alan Pike had only 3 starters for his modified Three Peaks Trip, so cancelled the trip. There was no report of Errol Sheedy'walk from Heathcote to Waterfall, but Kath Brown had 30 starters on her Red Hand Cave walk to end the Walks Report. 
 + 
 +General Business brought a motion that Alex Cooley be appointed as club representative to Natural Areas Ltd. He is to attend the coming general meeting and report back. 
 Announcements brought news that the N.P.A. Journal is seeking details of Paul Barnes for their potted histories of conservation figures. Announcements brought news that the N.P.A. Journal is seeking details of Paul Barnes for their potted histories of conservation figures.
 +
 After that it was just a matter of closing the meeting at 2115 hours and unleashing the ravening hordes on the coffee and biscuits. After that it was just a matter of closing the meeting at 2115 hours and unleashing the ravening hordes on the coffee and biscuits.
-* * * * * * * * * * * + 
-VERSE. by Errol Sheedy. +===== Verse ===== 
-A bushwalker's main delights + 
-Are forest tracks and mountain heights, And fervent sea-ferns in the swell, Quiet where the blue rock-gropers dwell Beneath the sea-surge hungry tramp and tramp Creatinglife and life anew +by Errol Sheedy 
-Out of the seething strife that grew From every crash and crump + 
-And maelstrom whirl of angry foam. +A bushwalker's main delights\\ Are forest tracks and mountain heights,\\ And fervent sea-ferns in the swell,\\ Quiet where the blue rock-gropers dwell\\ Beneath the sea-surge hungry tramp and tramp\\ Creating life and life anew\\ Out of the seething strife that grew\\ From every crash and crump\\ And maelstrom whirl of angry foam. 
-And dew-dipped dog-rose shining bright, Pendulous in the morning light; And harsh fire-ravaged bushland dells Covering themselves in Christmas bells, Where blood-red pointers on the trees Indicate the life that frees + 
-Itself from the blackened shell - Grim reminder of a day in hell. +And dew-dipped dog-rose shining bright,\\ Pendulous in the morning light;\\ And harsh fire-ravaged bushland dells\\ Covering themselves in Christmas bells,\\ Where blood-red pointers on the trees\\ Indicate the life that frees\\ 
-They quite consume the fragrant strand: Come,walk upon the living land. +Itself from the blackened shell -\\ Grim reminder of a day in hell.\\ They quite consume the fragrant strand:\\ Come, walk upon the living land. 
-*XXXX** +===== The Great Zigzag (Lithgow) or How the West was won ===== 
-Page 18 THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER September, 1982. + 
-THE GREAT ZIGZAG (LITHGOW +by David Ingram 
-or  + 
-HOW THE REST WAS WON. by David Ingram,.! +In March this year, a visit to the Great or Western Zig Zag near Lithgow was included in a walk from Bell to Lithgow. Many of those who came requested a re-run, so to comply with this the walk has been programmed for Saturday 23rd October. The Saturday train service allows nearly two hours longer in the area than on Sunday. Since March, the Sydney-Lithgow and Zig Zag Railway fares have been increased. Even so, members wishing to see something different should not be disappointed. 
-In March this year, a visit to the Great or Western Zig Zag near Lithgow was included in a walk from Bell to Lithgow. Many of those whocame requested a re-run, so to comply with this the walk has been programmed for Saturdaz 23rd October. The Saturday train service allows nearly two hourslonger in the area than on Sunday. Since March, the Sydney-Lithgow and Zig Zag Railway fares have been increased. Even so, members wishing to see something different should not be disappointed. + 
-To quote from the pamphlet "The Zig Zag Railway" - "The Great or Li#hgow Zig Zag was begun in 1866 and finished in 1869. At the time, it was the cheapest way of bringing the railway down the steep western face of the Blue Mountains to the Central Western Slopes beyond. The Zig Zag is inthe :form of a giant "Z". The present access road to Top Point is called Top Road and forms the top of the "Z". The Middle Road is the diagonal, and it is upon this that the present Zig Zag Railway is built. The bottom of the "Z" is now occupied, mainly, by the present Western Railway Line."+To quote from the pamphlet "The Zig Zag Railway" - "The Great or Li#hgow Zig Zag was begun in 1866 and finished in 1869. At the time, it was the cheapest way of bringing the railway down the steep western face of the Blue Mountains to the Central Western Slopes beyond. The Zig Zag is in the form of a giant "Z". The present access road to Top Point is called Top Road and forms the top of the "Z". The Middle Road is the diagonal, and it is upon this that the present Zig Zag Railway is built. The bottom of the "Z" is now occupied, mainly, by the present Western Railway Line." 
 "The Zig Zag, with its three beautiful sandstone viaducts, man-made ledges clinging to the mountain side, and the two tunnels, was acclaimed as an engineering masterpiece at the time." "The Zig Zag, with its three beautiful sandstone viaducts, man-made ledges clinging to the mountain side, and the two tunnels, was acclaimed as an engineering masterpiece at the time."
-"In 1910, the new main line, with it system of 10 tunnels, was built to do away with the bottleneck that the Zig Zag had become. The rails were :kain up, and for the next 60 years the old formation slumbered half-forgotten, overgrown and derelict."+ 
 +"In 1910, the new main line, with its system of 10 tunnels, was built to do away with the bottleneck that the Zig Zag had become. The rails were torn up, and for the next 60 years the old formation slumbered half-forgotten, overgrown and derelict." 
 This is no longer the case and the Zig Zag Railway Society has succeeded in recreating part of the old Zig Zag as it was early this century. This is no longer the case and the Zig Zag Railway Society has succeeded in recreating part of the old Zig Zag as it was early this century.
 +
 Mr. K. Robinson, a local resident, has promised to join the group and will be able to answer many of your questions. Mr. K. Robinson, a local resident, has promised to join the group and will be able to answer many of your questions.
 +
 As a bonus, the Bell District is noted for the Waratahs, which grow in profusion and should be in bloom. As a bonus, the Bell District is noted for the Waratahs, which grow in profusion and should be in bloom.
-DETAILS: + 
-Route: Bell - Newnes Junction - Dargan's (Railway) Deviation - Clarence +^DETAILS:^^ 
- Tunnel - Zig Zag Railway - Lithgow. 18 km. +|Route:|Bell - Newnes Junction - Dargan's (Railway) Deviation - Clarence Tunnel - Zig Zag Railway - Lithgow. 18 km.| 
-Train: 7.20 an Central - Lithgow. Alight at Bell. +|Train:|7.20 am Central - Lithgow.  Alight at Bell.\\ 6.15 pm Lithgow - Central - due 9.08 pm.| 
-6.15 pm Lithgow - Central - due 9.08 pm. +|Tickets:|Mini fare to Lithgow - $7.20 return.  IMPORTANT: Ask for mini fare, ordinary return ticket is $14.00. Ticket on Zig Zag Railway is $1.50 if more than 20 in the party.
-Tickets: Mini fare to Lithgow - $7.20 return. DIPORTANT: Ask for mini fare, ordinary return ticket is $14.00. Ticket on Zig Zag Railway is $1.50 if more than 20 in the party. + 
- . . Wet weather gear and pullover advisable as weather can be cold and/or misty in October, even if warm in Sydney. Bring torch for Clarence Tunnel. Tea, coffee, soft drinks, sweets available at Zig Zag. Restaurants and +Wet weather gear and pullover advisable as weather can be cold and/or misty in October, even if warm in Sydney. Bring torch for Clarence Tunnel. Tea, coffee, soft drinks, sweets available at Zig Zag. Restaurants and take-aways in Lithgow.
-'take-aways in Lithgow. +
-* * * * * * * * * * *+
  
198209.1465985875.txt.gz · Last modified: 2016/06/15 20:17 by vievems

Donate Powered by PHP Valid HTML5 Valid CSS Driven by DokuWiki