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 On the 26-28th June week-end, there was Bob Younger's Nattai River trip, described as a "pleasant amble" with 15 starters, and warmed at night by generously fuelled camp fires. Jim Percy's seven starters struck some misty rain on his Cox's River - Yellow Dog journey, but conditions improved later in the week-end. Gordon Lee held his rock-climbing and abseiling practice at Wahroonga and was "inundated" with 12 novices on Saturday, and 14 on Sunday. However two of the Sunday group were able to take part in the instruction. Gordon expressed deep appreciation of the climbing gear made available for such exercises by member Ric King. Both day walks were well-supported, Sheila Binns having a party ranging between 11 and 15 as its elements coalesced or separated out, while Ainslie Morris conducted 16 over the first programmed trip along the Lands Department's Benowie Trail on Berowra Creek. An early start allowed coverage of the estimated 20 km trip from Berowra to Hornsby and members present agreed it was of test walk calibre.
-The final week-end to consider had another cross-country ski instructional and Laurie Quaken reported about 9 attending, with a trip from Perisher to the Chalet in roughish weather on Saturday, and a sortie towards Twynam in better canditions on Sunday. Base was at Sawpit Creek. Don and Jenny Cornell had seven folk in the Cox River country, striking showery conditions an the Saturday. In gloriously clear, slightly windy conditions, the two day walks on the near south coast brought out quite good gatherings, 12 1/2 to Burning Palms with Kath Brown (the 1/2 being an 8-year old lad), and 20 on the Bundeena - Otford canter with Peter Dyce. Some even braved the icy ocean for a dip, while one became detached at Wattamolla. No report of whales this time - you really can't bank on them.
+The final week-end to consider had another cross-country ski instructional and Laurie Quaken reported about 9 attending, with a trip from Perisher to the Chalet in roughish weather on Saturday, and a sortie towards Twynam in better conditions on Sunday. Base was at Sawpit Creek. Don and Jenny Cornell had seven folk in the Cox River country, striking showery conditions an the Saturday. In gloriously clear, slightly windy conditions, the two day walks on the near south coast brought out quite good gatherings, 12 1/2 to Burning Palms with Kath Brown (the 1/2 being an 8-year old lad), and 20 on the Bundeena - Otford canter with Peter Dyce. Some even braved the icy ocean for a dip, while one became detached at Wattamolla. No report of whales this time - you really can't bank on them.
 Spiro had presented earlier a summary of events at the June Federation meeting, including the return to the fold of two Clubs which had been deleted as unfinancial some time previously. The only contentious issue was the question of providing funds for an Environmental Impact Study of the proposed Bird's Rook Colliery on mountains north of Lithgow and above the Wolgan valley. Finally Spiro undertook to gather further data and bring the matter forward at the August meeting.
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 There have been many books written on the subject which you can find in your local library, describing other alternative calendars, reasons for and against. I hope that there are not too many errors in the figures or dates, etc, as this article has been done at one sitting, at work and without any reference books. It is purely an exercise in filling in time.
-Incidentally, in a science programme recently on the A.B.C. I heard that some time this year one second is to be added or substracted at midnight to balance the calendar with modern technology. Imagine, the Earth is out of balance with the cosmos.
+Incidentally, in a science programme recently on the A.B.C. I heard that some time this year one second is to be added or subtracted at midnight to balance the calendar with modern technology. Imagine, the Earth is out of balance with the cosmos.
 (Owen Marks - President of the Hastings Parade Bondi Beach Branch of the Calendar Reform Society, Australian Section. Southern Hemisphere Division.)
@@ Line 166: / Line 166: @@
 We had a late lunch at the Kovalam Hotel for $19.00!! We didn't feel any more full than we did at our favourite Braham restaurant where we had had breakfast for the four of us for $1.65. That's what you get for going to Western places.
-We were up at 6 the next morning to catch a 7 am tour to Cape Comorin, the most southerly point in India. The bus stopped at a restaurant for breakfast. Of the six things we ordered they got five wrong, so we ended up with coffee and tea only. The tour took us back to Kovalam where we watched the fishermen hauling in huge U-shaped nets for about 40 minutes before we had to return to the bus. (That's the trouble with bus tours - it's always time to go when something interesting is happening.) We arrived at Cape Comorin about 1.45 pm after stopping at a few temple complexes an the way. We were free to roam until 6 pm when the bus left. This is one of the few spots in the world where you can watch the sun rise and set from the same place, so we were really looking forward to the sunset. The Cape is a 'hole' of a place, with few redeeming features. Sleasy food stalls and cheap souvenirs was the name of the game. There is a memorial to Ghandi there which could be described as architectural hodge-podge. I've never	seen such an ugly building in my life. I even had to take a picture of it to prove how ugly it was.
+We were up at 6 the next morning to catch a 7 am tour to Cape Comorin, the most southerly point in India. The bus stopped at a restaurant for breakfast. Of the six things we ordered they got five wrong, so we ended up with coffee and tea only. The tour took us back to Kovalam where we watched the fishermen hauling in huge U-shaped nets for about 40 minutes before we had to return to the bus. (That's the trouble with bus tours - it's always time to go when something interesting is happening.) We arrived at Cape Comorin about 1.45 pm after stopping at a few temple complexes an the way. We were free to roam until 6 pm when the bus left. This is one of the few spots in the world where you can watch the sun rise and set from the same place, so we were really looking forward to the sunset. The Cape is a 'hole' of a place, with few redeeming features. Sleazy food stalls and cheap souvenirs was the name of the game. There is a memorial to Ghandi there which could be described as architectural hodge-podge. I've never	seen such an ugly building in my life. I even had to take a picture of it to prove how ugly it was.
 We walked along the beach, sat and watched the fisherman (their boats were just logs tied together, really primitive). We took a ferry boat out to the rock shrine and got back about 5 pm. Had a quick cuppa and settled down to watch the sunset. Hawkers trying to sell all sorts of junk. One girl about 14 years old really got my goat. When I said I didn't want to buy what she was selling, she said "10 Rs, that's only $1. What's that to you?" It mattered not to her that had she been giving it to me I would have refused it - it was such junk. We sat and waited for the sunset, but unfortunately it was so cloudy we never got to see it. So we had spent the whole day on a lousy bus tour and didn't even see the sunset. The tour cost $2.50 each for a 12-hour tour. The day was redeemed by having dinner at our favourite Braham restaurant. We had become familiar in the restaurant by this time and people smiled at us as we came in. What a wonderful place.
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 The trip cost us $1800 plus air fares. Most of the money went on taxis.	When I had travelled there before I could split the taxi fares with other people. This time we had to pay the whole slug. Petrol is very expensive there, and getting from the airport to the city was always very expensive. Also, the children didn't walk as much as I had on past trips. We had always walked everywhere, now we were taking taxis or motorized trishaws. We didn't buy many souvenirs. The trip was well worth every penny, though. Now, when I ask PJ if he'd like to go back to India, he says, "Yes, sometime. But I'd rather go to Disneyland". I plan an going pack again sometime and I'm sure the kids will come along.
-"HOB A SARDINE AND JAM SANDUICH'i" SPTI  SAID.
+====="Have A Sardine And Jam Sandwich," She Said.=====
-by Peter Harris. .
-I saw her prepare it. But it didn't really register till after she'd eaten it. And my stomach gave a quiet heave. I experienced that awful 'welling' sensation in the throat - like just before being physicaloy ill. I couldn't believe it.
+by Peter Harris.
-There she goes again - I wasn't seeing things at all: Four crushed
-sardine carcasses, withered and putrid, reposing headless on top of a slice of buttered, stale, oil-soaked bread, slightly mouldy on one corner.
+I saw her prepare it. But it didn't really register till after she'd eaten it. And my stomach gave a quiet heave. I experienced that awful 'welling' sensation in the throat - like just before being physically ill. I couldn't believe it.
-	Oh God, it's true. I shuddered as she reached for the jar of strawberry jam. The poor unfortunate sardines were buried and broken beneath a gooey, sticky, oozing film of 'Mother Macguires Best Strawberry Jam (Scottish style)". Even my bowels contracted. Was she going to actually lift that nauseating, revolting sandwich to her face, or was it just a joke for my benefit? My question was answered and I sat wide-eyed and gaping, as her jaws opened to receive this dripping, reeking sacrifice.
-She smiled at me as she chewed a mouthful, then commented about how quiet as the forest today. I told her that her sandwich was dripping strawberry jam and sardine oil onto her walk shorts, as I suppressed wave after wave of rising vomit, and mentally calculated how far was the nearest tree, because a dash behind it was inmjnent. Or was the lake any closer?
+There she goes again - I wasn't seeing things at all! Four crushed sardine carcasses, withered and putrid, reposing headless on top of a slice of buttered, stale, oil-soaked bread, slightly mouldy on one corner.
-.	I couldn't eat any more of my own lunch, so I offered it to her.
-"1211 trade," she said.	"Have a. sardine and jam sandwich?" That
+Oh God, it's true. I shuddered as she reached for the jar of strawberry jam. The poor unfortunate sardines were buried and broken beneath a gooey, sticky, oozing film of "Mother Macguires Best Strawberry Jam (Scottish style)". Even my bowels contracted. Was she going to actually lift that nauseating, revolting sandwich to her face, or was it just a joke for my benefit? My question was answered and I sat wide-eyed and gaping, as her jaws opened to receive this dripping, reeking sacrifice.
-was it.	I was ill.	I didn't reach the lake - I didn't reach the tree.
-I didn't even get up to my feet. I just vomited all over my own rucksack,, vowing that in future I would check out everybody's lunch before accepting
+She smiled at me as she chewed a mouthful, then commented about how quiet was the forest today. I told her that her sandwich was dripping strawberry jam and sardine oil onto her walk shorts, as I suppressed wave after wave of rising vomit, and mentally calculated how far was the nearest tree, because a dash behind it was imminent. Or was the lake any closer?
-them on any_walk.
-This experience occurred near Sabine Hut, Lake Rotorua, Nelson Lakes National Park, New Zealand, at 12.47 pm precisely on 22nd April 1981, The lady shall remain nameless to protect her good name.
+I couldn't eat any more of my own lunch, so I offered it to her.
-********
-Page 14	THE SYDNEY_BUSHWALKER	August, 1981.
+"I'll trade," she said.	"Have a sardine and jam sandwich?" That was it. I was ill. I didn't reach the lake - I didn't reach the tree. I didn't even get up to my feet. I just vomited all over my own rucksack, vowing that in future I would check out everybody's lunch __before__ accepting them on __any__walk.
-BEE WALKING.
+This experience occurred near Sabine Hut, Lake Rotorua, Nelson Lakes National Park, New Zealand, at 12.47 pm precisely on 22nd April 1981. The lady shall remain nameless to protect her good name.
+=====Bee Walking.=====
 by David Cotton.
 On Sunday, 17th May, 6 people and 2 children attended a Bee Walk at Darkes Forest.
 Bee Walks incorporate a nature study session of the honey bee, including a practical demonstration of opening up a bee-hive, together with a short walk in the pleasant surrounding bushland.
 Honey bees represent one of the great wanders of the insect world, and even a rudimentary understanding of their activities and function indicates beyond any question of doubt, the design of Nature is perfect.
-Honey, which is basically the carbohydrate component of the bees' food (pollen is their source of protein), is also a wonder food for man. Honey consists mainly of two natural hexose sugars, laevulose (fructose) and dextrose (glucose) together with an infinite variety of vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, minerals and.trace_elements. 'Whilst these constituents represent relatively minoi'quantities, they collectively add valuable nutrients to our daily requirements. The natural sugars of honey, requiring no digestion, provide a valuable source of instant energy as they are absorbed directly into the blood,. The sugars of honey being monosac-charides or reducing sugars cannot be stored in the body, honey is therefore nonfattening. Honey is truly a wonder food - Nature's liquid gold.
-One of the major drawbacks in the acceptance of natural honey is its lack of uniformity. The characteristics of natural honey direct from the hive vary in flavour from very light to very strong, in colour from as black as coal toan clear as water, in density from as thick as tax to as thin as water, and in aroma from very strong to very light. Natural honey can therefore be any combination of the above characteristics, dependant entirely upon the floral sources from which the nectars were- collected.
+Honey, which is basically the carbohydrate component of the bees' food (pollen is their source of protein), is also a wonder food for man. Honey consists mainly of two natural hexose sugars, laevulose (fructose) and dextrose (glucose) together with an infinite variety of vitamins, amino acids, enzymes, minerals and trace elements. Whilst these constituents represent relatively minor quantities, they collectively add valuable nutrients to our daily requirements. The natural sugars of honey, requiring no digestion, provide a valuable source of instant energy as they are absorbed directly into the blood. The sugars of honey being monosaccharides or reducing sugars cannot be stored in the body, honey is therefore non-fattening. Honey is truly a wonder food - Nature's liquid gold.
-The infinite variety of natural honey available is the cause of much confusion resulting in a greater preference for the more uniform mass produced processed, refined and blended products, which are unfortunately degraded in their food value during processing by having their valuable nutrients damaged or destroyed by heat or removed by pressurefiltration.
-Whilst the Beekeeping Industry as we know it today cannot survive,
+One of the major drawbacks in the acceptance of natural honey is its lack of uniformity. The characteristics of natural honey direct from the hive vary in flavour from very light to very strong, in colour from as black as coal to as clear as water, in density from as thick as tar to as thin as water, and in aroma from very strong to very light. Natural honey can therefore be any combination of the above characteristics, dependant entirely upon the floral sources from which the nectars were collected.
-I believe that there will always be a small number of concerned people who will continue to supply a top quality natural product in a virtually unspoilt condition and who will always be willing to entertain people interested with an insight into the world of the honey bee - one of the great wonders of Nature.
-* * * * * * * *
+The infinite variety of natural honey available is the cause of much confusion resulting in a greater preference for the more uniform mass produced processed, refined and blended products, which are unfortunately degraded in their food value during processing by having their valuable nutrients damaged or destroyed by heat or removed by pressure filtration.
-The death occurred. on 10th August of FRED KENNEDY, a club member for 40 years.. Older members will remember Fred, and his interest in the Club long after his active walking days. The Club extends its sympathy to his sister, herself a member of some years ago.
-Page 15	THE SYDNEY BUSEWAIKER	August, 1981.
+Whilst the Beekeeping Industry as we know it today cannot survive, I believe that there will always be a small number of concerned people who will continue to supply a top quality natural product in a virtually unspoilt condition and who will always be willing to entertain people interested with an insight into the world of the honey bee - one of the great wonders of Nature.
-	.....	.  .....
-"THE HERO 'OTWATERLOO".	bY Dot 5ut1er.
+----
-, Said Barry Wallace, 166king'at DotautlerTs-13-year-old station waggon: 'hat does this PREFERRED DRIVER mean?" "That means," said Dot, "that the Insurance Company prefers drivers like me, because I have never made a claim in 30 years of driving." A month later, a car with an unconscious driver did
-a U-turn, meeting Dot's station waggon face one Result - a complete "write-off". The Insurance Company happily paid up the 0200 on the old heap. 'Then Dot baught a brand new Commodore.
+The death occurred on 10th August of Fred Kennedy, a club member for 40 years. Older members will remember Fred, and his interest in the Club long after his active walking days. The Club extends its sympathy to his sister, herself a member of some years ago.
-Being a generous type she loaned it to Snow. Brown for six weeks as she would be away in North Queensland with Mylo Dunphy and Alex Colley. She gate Snow a signed letter authorising him to use the vehicle during her absence. . "What's this for?" says Snow. "Don Finch says to have it with you in case you get into trouble with the Police, otherwise they may think you pinched it." "Oh I won't need that," says Snow confidently.
+----
+====="The Hero Of Waterloo".=====
+by Dot Butler.
+Said Barry Wallace, looking at Dot Butler's 13-year-old station waggon: "What does this PREFERRED DRIVER mean?" "That means," said Dot, "that the Insurance Company prefers drivers like me, because I have never made a claim in 30 years of driving." A month later, a car with an unconscious driver did a U-turn, meeting Dot's station waggon face on. Result - a complete "write-off". The Insurance Company happily paid up the $200 on the old heap. Then Dot bought a brand new Commodore.
+Being a generous type she loaned it to Snow Brown for six weeks as she would be away in North Queensland with Mylo Dunphy and Alex Colley. She gate Snow a signed letter authorising him to use the vehicle during her absence. "What's this for?" says Snow. "Don Finch says to have it with you in case you get into trouble with the Police, otherwise they may think you pinched it." "Oh I won't need that," says Snow confidently.
 Six weeks later Mylo's party returning home called in at Dot's son's place at Coonabarabran. "Well," said Wade, "Seeing you'll be home to-morrow, you might as well know the worst." After six long guesses and a bit of prompting, the fact emerges that Dot's new Commodore has been squashed as flat as a tack, and is in fact a complete "write-off".
-Home again, Dot rang Snow and got the full story. He.had parked her car outside "The Hero of Waterloo" and gone to work. He came back at 5.30 pm and looked for the car. Nothing resembling it anywhere in the street. He walked up'the street and down again. Nothing: Excepts...hang on...what's that wreck in the gutter, pushed down like a concertina, about three feet high, wheels pointing in opposite directions? Have a look at the number plates. It's the carill
-Seven years slipped off Snow's life in as many seconds. Nothing to say who had done it. Nothing: In-a state. of ahockiShow contacted the Police. "Don't worry, son, we'll get him," said the departing Constable.
+Home again, Dot rang Snow and got the full story. He had parked her car outside "The Hero of Waterloo" and gone to work. He came back at 5.30 pm and looked for the car. Nothing resembling it anywhere in the street. He walked up the street and down again. Nothing! Except... hang on... what's that wreck in the gutter, pushed down like a concertina, about three feet high, wheels pointing in opposite directions? Have a look at the number plates. It's the car!!!
-' Says Snow, "I was still standing there when up drove a tow truck.at 100 mph, lights flashing, and out stepped a young bloke of about 25 in white overalls and a green cap. He didn't say anything. He walked around the wreck, kicked a
-tyre, walked around again, kicked another tyre. Finished up standing by Snow,
+Seven years slipped off Snow's life in as many seconds. Nothing to say who had done it. Nothing! In a state of shock, Snow contacted the Police. "Don't worry, son, we'll get him," said the departing Constable.
-still without saying a word. Then, about five minutes later, he said in a sepulchral tone "F	dn.
-The wreck was towed away. The Police got their necessary information (probably from 'The Hero of Waterloo") that a bloke in a semi-trailer had
+Says Snow, "I was still standing there when up drove a tow truck at 100 mph, lights flashing, and out stepped a young bloke of about 25 in white overalls and a green cap. He didn't say anything. He walked around the wreck, kicked a tyre, walked around again, kicked another tyre. Finished up standing by Snow, still without saying a word. Then, about five minutes later, he said in a sepulchral tone "F...d".
-dropped a CONTAINER (I) on it, then asked a crane driver in a nearby building
-site, "Hey, mate, help me get my load back". This done, off he went without' reporting it to the Police, hoping to get away with it. He was duly charged with negligent ,driving, failing to report an accident, etc. etc, -
+The wreck was towed away. The Police got their necessary information (probably from "The Hero of Waterloo") that a bloke in a semi-trailer had dropped a CONTAINER (!) on it, then asked a crane driver in a nearby building site, "Hey, mate, help me get my load back". This done, off he went without reporting it to the Police, hoping to get away with it. He was duly charged with negligent driving, failing to report an accident, etc. etc.
-Dot got back her full insurance, and went off and bought another station waggon - had to go to Nowra for it, as nothing of that model was available from Newcastle to Wollongong. She is not sure, however, whether she ought
-to apply to the Insurance Company for another "Preferred Driver" sticker.
+Dot got back her full insurance, and went off and bought another station waggon - had to go to Nowra for it, as nothing of that model was available from Newcastle to Wollongong. She is not sure, however, whether she ought to apply to the Insurance Company for another "Preferred Driver" sticker.
-* * * * * * * * * * * *
-Page 16	THE SYDNEY BUSHWALKER	August,.
+=====Letter To The Editor.=====
-LETTER TO THE EDITOR.
 by Frank Rigby.
 Dear Madam,
 Helen Gray's article on the history of "The Sydney Bushwalker" (June issue) was most interesting but one important part of that history was omitted.
-Incredibly, up to 1968 the magazine was not distributed automatically to alo members. It was either sold in the clubroom or sent to those members who paid an annual magazine subscription. This practice meant that the hard work put into our magazine by so many people, as detailed in Helen's article, was to some extent wasted in that the product was read by only a part of the membership: Additionally, it walecessary to send out as separate items such things as Walks Programmes and various Notices, and this entailed much extra work.
-At the A.G.M. of 1968 a motion to post "The Sydney Bushwalker" to ALL members was carried and the membership subscription was adjusted upwards accordingly. Thus our magaxine finally found its rightful place within the framework of the club. As President in 1967-69 I can well remember the backroom discussions which paved the way for the introduction of the new policy.
+Incredibly, up to 1968 the magazine was not distributed automatically to all members. It was either sold in the clubroom or sent to those members who paid an annual magazine subscription. This practice meant that the hard work put into our magazine by so many people, as detailed in Helen's article, was to some extent wasted in that the product was read by only a part of the membership! Additionally, it was necessary to send out as separate items such things as Walks Programmes and various Notices, and this entailed much extra work.
+At the A.G.M. of 1968 a motion to post "The Sydney Bushwalker" to ALL members was carried and the membership subscription was adjusted upwards accordingly. Thus our magazine finally found its rightful place within the framework of the club. As President in 1967-69 I can well remember the backroom discussions which paved the way for the introduction of the new policy.
 In retrospect it seems surprising that, for so many years, "The Sydney Bushwalker" was not, in totality, the magazine of The Sydney Bush Walkers.
-* * * * * * * * * * * *
-SOCIAL NOTES FOR SEPTEMBER.
+=====Social Notes For September.=====
 by Peter Miller.
-September 16th: River Canoe Club.
-Two members of the River Canoe Club will talk to us about canoe touring: - Various types of canoes will be discussed and the gear necessary for succes6ful touring.	The talk will be illustrated with slides.
-DINNER before the meeting will be held at Chehades Lebanese Restaurant 270 Pacific Highway, Crow's Nest at 6.30 pm.
-September 2rd: Macquarie Island.
-A friend of Dot Butler will be showing 11Q slides of Macquarie Island .17ith its wild scenery and teeming bird life.
-September 30th:	The Scrub Bashers.
-The Scrub Bashers will entertain us with a variety of bush ballads. This item was to have been held in August but some of the group were out f Sydney.
-**********
-WANTED TO BUY: Wollongong couple wish to purchase a Faddymade "Kar Kampa" tent. -.Contact Christine Austin if you can help. Phone 84,1519 (1).
+====September 16th: River Canoe Club.====
+Two members of the River Canoe Club will talk to us about canoe touring. Various types of canoes will be discussed and the gear necessary for successful touring.	The talk will be illustrated with slides.
+Dinner before the meeting will be held at Chehades Lebanese Restaurant 270 Pacific Highway, Crow's Nest at 6.30 pm.
+====September 23rd: Macquarie Island.====
+A friend of Dot Butler will be showing us slides of Macquarie Island with its wild scenery and teeming bird life.
+====September 30th: The Scrub Bashers.====
+The Scrub Bashers will entertain us with a variety of bush ballads. This item was to have been held in August but some of the group were out of Sydney.
+----
+__Wanted To Buy__: Wollongong couple wish to purchase a Paddymade "Kar Kampa" tent. Contact Christine Austin if you can help. Phone 84,1519 (H).
+----