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-======The sydney Bushwalker======
+======The Sydney Bushwalker======
 A Monthly Bulletin devoted to matters of interest to __The Sydney Bushwalkers__. Address at present - C/- Miss E. Garrad, 8 Bond Street, Sydney.
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 press round our carriages which shake their sleep.
-WALKING IN THE AUSTRALIAN ALPS
+=====Walking In The Australian Alps.=====
 By Alex Colley
-;
-Thotgh a:rtutbar, of parties of bushwalkers have been to Kosaille,e3, it is shazeful to relate that only two articles have apyearou 'in the magazine on walking in these parts. Walking there is not any,of our usual trips, so this article will seek to be'in-
+Though a number of parties of bushwalkers have been to Kosciusko, it is shameful to relate that only two articles have appeared in the magazine on walking in these parts. Walking there is not like any of our usual trips, so this article will seek to be informative rather than narrative, for the sake of future parties. Don't, however, imagine that you are missing anything. All of my last trip that was worth hearing has already reached the microphonic ear of the Social Reporter. Other members of the staff are busy describing the scenery but it is regretted that, owing to lack of space*, the Editor was unable to publish Canopus's (pronounced "canopusses" as in "octopus's") treatise on the variable star Algol, which is seen to advantage in those parts.
-forrria-r*7e rather than narrative, for the sake of future parties. Don't,
-;Iiagine that you are missing anything. All of my last trip
+(* Non-contributors to the magazine are warned that there will be enough space if they don't write something themselves. Ed.)
-%..hearing has already reached the microphonic ear of -the
-cter mebers of the staff are busy describing the
+As to trains, we cannot advise. The Railway Enquiry Office can tell you sometimes. Otherwise the Miner's Federation might oblige. Cars, however, are easier. There is a regular mail service to the Hotel, and a truck runs to the Chalet, 12 miles beyond. If you have a party of 4 or more it is much better to get Cecil Constance of the Garage, Berridale, via Cooma to take you. Unique amongst hire car proprietors, he answers letters. The charge is 35/- a head for a party of five.
-sccer:. it :I:3-)7egrot4ed that, ow:Ing to lac? of space, the Editor
-was e Canopasvo (T-0.7cnounae "canopusses" as in -. "oct,J;) treatise on the variable star Algol, which is seen to advantage in those parts.
+It is best to get the car to Charlotte's Pass - 5 miles from the summit. Here you are within easy distance of the main scenic attractions. Half a mile beyond is Foreman's hut; two miles down the Snowy is Pound's Creek hut. However, if you go between December and March - the best months for walking - we would advise you not to use the huts if you can help it. The reasons?
-As to trains, we cannot advise. The Railway Enquiry Office can tell you sometimes. Otherwise the Miner's Feduration might oblige. Cars, however, are easier. There is a regular mail service to the Hotel, and a truck, runs 'to the Chalet, 12 miles beyond. If you have a party of'4 or more it iS- much-better to get Cecil Constance of the Garage, Berridale, via Cooma to take you Unique amongst hire car proprietors, he answers letters. The charge is 35/- a head for a party
-of five.
+  - Except in bad weather the camping is a new and delightful experience. It is almost ideal because of the pure air, the artistry of colour and scene in the twilight, the warm but not hot sun, the long hours of daylight (up to 9 p.m. - sunset 7.30) and the pleasure of camping on a thick carpet of snow grass under the snow-gums.
-It is best to get the., car to Charlotte's Pass - 5 miles from the summit. Here you are within easy distance of the main scenic attractions. Half a mile beyond is Foreman's hut; two miles down the Snowy is Pound's Creek hut. However, if you go between December and March - the best months for walking - we would advise you not to use the huts if you can help it, The reasons?
+  - The huts are seldom tidy, usually dirty.
--
+  - There are usually a number of parties wandering around the tops and frequently several of them crowd into one hut. At any hour of the day or evening your peace and domestic arrangements are likely to be shattered by the arrival of a large party.
-(a)'. xcept in bad 'weather the camping is a new and delightful experience. It is almost ideal because of the pure air, the artistry of col-,ur and Scene in the twilight, the warm but not hot sun, the long hoursof,daylight (up to 9 p m, - sunset 7.30) and the pleasure of camping on a thick carpet of snow grass under the snow-gums.
+  - It is usually more comfortable and warmer for a party of four or more if they can sit round a large camp fire.
-(b) The, huts are seldom tidy, usually dirty.
+  - There is plenty of wood near - you don't have to carry it a long way and then chop it up.
-(c) There are usually a number of parties wandering around the tops and frequently several of them crowd into one hut. At any hour of
+  - You can pluck a nice mattress of snow-grass instead of sleeping on hard boards - even without any plucking the grass is good
-the day dr evening your peace and domestic arrangements are likely to
+  - You can see the stars.
-be shattered by-the arrival of a large party.
-(d) usually more comfortable and warmer for a party of four or more if, they ca sit round a large camp fire.
+But it is necessary to be very careful in the selection of a camp site and the following precautions are recommended:
-'(e) There is plenty of wood near - you don't have to carry it a
-long way and then chop it up.
+  * Camp below the tree line - this usually is below 6,000 ft. Trees are some evidence that the ground does not become sodden and that the wind is broken, though perhaps only slightly.
-(f) You can pluck a nice mattress of snow-grass instead of
+  * Camp as near as possible under the eastern lee of hills and take advantage of any protection from trees, rocks or fallen timber. Nearly all the bad weather comes from the west, but even in westerly gales there are some protected pockets.
-sleeping on hard boards - even without any plucking the grass is good, (g) Yo U can see the stars.
+  * Fit your tent with strong guy ropes - more than twice as strong as you would trust for ordinary camping, and be sure your tent fabric is strong.
-x Non-contributors----to the magazine are warned that there will be
+  * Secure end-ropes of tent to a stake or tree.
-enough space if they don't write something themselves. Ed,
+  * Place large stones over tent pegs.
-But it is necessary to be very car'eful in the selection of a camp site and the following precautions are recommended:
+  * Make the fire on the eastern side of tent.
-Camp below the tree line - this usually is below 6,000 ft. Trees are some evidence that the ground does not become sodden and that the wind is broken, though perhaps only slightly.
+  * Take candles, kerosene, or other fire-lighting aids.
-Camp as near as possible under the eastern lee of hills and talcu advantage of any protection from trees, rocks or fallen timber. Nearly all the bad weather comes from the west, but even in westirlj gales there are some protected peckets.
-Fit your tent with strong guy ropes - more than twice as etronLc as you would trust for ordinary camping, and be sure your tent fabrie is strong.
+Most of the time camping is quite pleasant and these precautions will appear unnecessary, but you cannot foretell when a westerly wind will spring up. Water is usually no trouble as small streams of cold sparkling water are abundant over 5,000 ft. However, it is not denied that during a spell of really bad weather the only thing to do is to take to a hut, so if you have doubts about the weather it is usually wise to camp within half a mile of a hut. We had two bad nights. Our camp site was not perfect by the above rules, because we were part way up a hill facing west, though we were well below the hill on the other side of the river. On one of these nights there was a fierce wind, accompanied by sheets of rain of cloudburst intensity. The wind would roar through the trees on the slopes of Guthrie above us. We would hear it come down towards us till a mighty hand grasped our tent, shook it from end to end and forced the sides in towards us while the kettle drum beat of the raindrops merged into one angry note. We had expected bad weather and could have gone to Foreman's. Though we several times doubted that thin layer of Willesden between us and the gale and were kept awake by the din, we didn't regret our night in the storm.
-Secure end-ropes of tent to a stake or tree, Place large stones over tent pegs.
-Make the fire on the eastern side of tent.
+The best spot for camping near the tops is on the Snowy, about a mile below Foreman's. It would be an ideal spot for a Bushwalker hut - if. One advantage while we were there was that we had a refrigerator in the form of a deep snow drift on the lower slopes of Twynam opposite. It kept our meat fresh for a week. From this spot you can see all the tops in one day trips. You can get to Jagungal and back or do the Dead Horse Creek - Murray - Geehi - Hannel's spur trip in three days without running much.
-Take candles, kerosene, or other fire-lighting aids.
-Most of the time camping is quite pleasant and these precautions will appear unnecessary, but you cannot foretell when a westerly wind will spring up. Water is usually no trouble as small streams of cold sparkling water are abundant over 5,000 ft. However, it is not denied that during a spell of really bad weather the only thing to do is to take to a hut, so if you have doubts about the weather it is usually wise to camp within half a mile of a hut. We had two bad nights. Our camp site was not perfect by the above rules, because we were part way up a hill facing west, dough we were well below the hill on the other side of the river. On One of these nights there was a fierce wind, accompanied by sheets of,rain of cloudburst intensity. The wind would roar through the trees on the slopes of Guthrie above us. We would hear it come down towards us till a mighty hand grasped our tent, shook it from end to end and forced the sides in towards us while the kettle drum beat of the raindrops merged into one angry note. We had expected bad weather and could have gone to Foreman's. Though we several times doubted that thin layer of Willesden between us and the gale and were kept awake by the din, we didn't regret our night in the storm.
+The walking all looks easy, because the slopes, except on the western side, are not steep and in the clear air distances and heights are halved by our ordinary visual judgment. Once we looked over the Wilkinson Valley to Kosciusko. "Let's go direct over that little rocky gorge", we said. But wait, what are those animals a few hundred yards away, on the other side? Are they horses or cattle? They looked more like ants. Snow-grass tussocks and stony ground make the walking heavy, while the rarified air to which it takes several days to get accustomed, makes climbing an effort. We found that an average pace of about 1 1/2 m.p.h. was quite enough for us except on the tourist tracks.
-The best spot for camping near the tops is on the Snowy, about a mile below Foreman's. It would be an ideal spot for a Bushwalker hut - if One advantage while we were there was that we had a refrigerator in the form of a deep snow drift on the lower slopes of Twynam opposite. It kept our meat fresh for a week. From this spot you can see all the tops in one day trips. You can get to Jagungal and back or do the
-Dead Horse Creek-Murray-Geehi-Hannel's spur trip in three days without running much.
+As to maps, we found that the Snow Leases map was reliable. If you follow it carefully with the aid of a compass you should find the routes as marked, though often there is no distinguishable track in open upland country. However, if you follow along where the map shows the track should be, you will come upon it again. On three occasions we spent half an hour or more off the track. On the first we followed the map and came on the track again; on the other occasions we just hadn't looked carefully enough at the map. It is as well to be careful and observant, because visibility may be restricted to 20 or 30 yards in bad weather.
-The walking all looks easy, because the slopes, except on the
-western side, are not steep and in the clear air distances and heights are halved by our ordinary visual judgment. Once we looked over the
+As to clothing, it is wise to go equipped as for ski-ing - the main essentials are a waterproof jacket, long warm pants (tweed, not jaegar) and boots with hobnails. On Sat. 5th Jan. 1946, we walked in the lot on a sunny day. The temperature in Sydney was 103°.
-Wilkinson Valley to Kosciusko. "Let's go direct over that little
-.
+The flies are very bad, both on the tops and below, so a fly veil and mosquito net tent are handy. The flies' hour are from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. unless it's cold or windy.
-rocky gorge", we said. But wait, what are those animals a few hundred yards away, on the other side; Are they horses or cattle? They looked more like ants. Snow-grass tussocks and stony ground make the walking heavy, while the rarified air to which it takes several days to get accustomed, makes climbing an effort. We found that an average pace
-of about m p.h. was quite enough for us except on the tourist tracks.
+The sun, though it does not feel hot, burns much more than below. Even a good dark surfing tan won't stand up to it, so take lanoline or other protective cream.
-As to maps, we found that the Snow Leases map was reliable. If you follow it carefully with the aid of a compass you should find the routes as marked, though often there is no distinguishable track in open upland country. However, if you follow along where the map shows the track should be, you will come upon it again. On three occasions we
-spent half an hour or more off the track. On the first we tollowed the map and came on the track again; on the other occasions we just
+The main points of interest, I should say, are the Summit (don't believe stories that you can't see anything from there - the view is magnificent), Sentinel Peak and Twynam, Townsend and Tate. For longer trips the Geehi - coming out via Khancoban, if it can be arranged - and Jagungal are probably the most interesting, but there are numerous other one-day and longer trips, some of which have yet to be done.
-hadn't looked carefully enough at the map. It is as well to be careful and observant, because visibility may be restricted to 20 or 30 yards
-in bad weather. G.
+=====Social Events.=====
-As to clothing, it is wise to go equipped as for'ski-ing - the main essentials are a waterproof jacket, long warm pants (tweed, not jaegar) and boots with hobnails. On Sat. 5th Jan. 1946, weowalked in the lot on a,sunny day. The temperature in Sydney'was 103
-The flies are very,bad, both on the tops and below, so a fly veil
+The __Reunion__ on the 8th, 9th and 10th March at __Moorabinda, Heathcote Creek__, is, as usual, the outstanding event for the month of March. On those days, a raid will be carried out on race-courses, Penny Arcades, "pub" corners and housie-housie dens and woe betide you if you are apprehended!
-,and mosquito net tent are handy. The flies' hour are from 5 a m. to 7 p m unless it's cold or windy's,
-The sun, though it does not feel hot; bUrnt much more than below.
-Even a good dark surfing tan won't stand UP to it,'so take lanoline or
-other protective cream.
-The main points of interest, I' should say, are the Summit (don't
-believe stories that you can't see anything from there 7.the view is magnificent), Sentinel Peak and Twynam, Townsend and Tate. For longer
-trips the Geehi - coming out via Khancoban, if it can be arranged - and Jagungal. are probably the most interesting, but theTe are numerous
-. other one-day and longer, trips,' some of which hare Yet to be done.
-,
-SOCIAL EVENTS
-The REUNION on the 8th, 9th and 10th March at MOORABINDA, HEATHCOTT CREEK, is, as usual, the outstanding event for the month of Maroh..On tho6t, days, a raid will be carried' out on race-courses, Penny Arcaclec, "pub" corners and housie-housie dens and woe betide you if you are apprehended;
 On Friday night, the 15th, Allan Wyborn will tell us about "Northern Ranges"
 AND
-on the 29th. there is to be a DANCE. By arrangement, light snow will be falling in Oxford Street.
-AT THE ANNUAL MEETING IN MARCH THME IS SURE TO 2E SUCH A RUSH TO TAKE ON JOBS THAT
+on the 29th. there is to be a __Dance__. By arrangement, light snow will be falling in Oxford Street.
-Candidates will sleep at the door overnight as at the Patrick-Burns ilfight".
-There will be so many officials that the worst "limelighter will coo e to be a prIvate member.
+At the Annual Meeting in March there is sure to be such a rush to take on jobs that candidates will sleep at the door overnight as at the Patrick-Burns "fight".
+There will be so many officials that the worst "limelighter" will choose to be a private member.
 Some means will have to be found to eliminate some of the candidates for Social Secretary.
-HOW I GOT INTO THE "GAME"
+=====How I Got Into The "Game".=====
 Claude Haynes.
-Jim, one of the giants of the local football team, had become a close friend of mine through Surf Club activities, The Sunday afternoon pror to a certain 6-Hour Day Public Holiday was glorious sun shine After lunch I had adjourned to the front verandah to have a
-quiet rd and enjoy the sun which was so pleasant that I was soon dozing more tleam reading and very peaceful with the world and myself in partiree:nr. On opening my eyes I saw Jim's brother Alan approaching our 1i,r]r5o, He greeted, me with "Hullo Claude. You remember about twelve monee, a,o that you told Jim that the next time he went on a walk to let ,7,-;). knew as you also were keen on the sport?" Immediately came to my !flirzl neme hazy recollection that in a skiting mood I had made some such proposal. Not to be outfaced, I bravely answered, "That does me. What do I take?" Alan replied, "Rucksack, 2 blankets, spuds, cheese, 'honey, beans, plate, spton, fork, knife and cup". This seemed pretty slender equipment to me for three days and two cold nights in the bush, but I said "O.K." with a great deal of doubt hidden behind my external firmness.
+Jim, one of the giants of the local football team, had become a close friend of mine through Surf Club activities. The Sunday afternoon prior to a certain 6-Hour Day Public Holiday was glorious sunshine. After lunch I had adjourned to the front verandah to have a quiet read and enjoy the sun which was so pleasant that I was soon dozing more than reading and very peaceful with the world and myself in particular. On opening my eyes I saw Jim's brother Alan approaching our house. He greeted me with "Hullo Claude. You remember about twelve months ago that you told Jim that the next time he went on a walk to let you know as you also were keen on the sport?" Immediately came to my mind some hazy recollection that in a skiting mood I had made some such proposal. Not to be outfaced, I bravely answered, "That does me. What do I take?" Alan replied, "Rucksack, 2 blankets, spuds, cheese, honey, beans, plate, spoon, fork, knife and cup". This seemed pretty slender equipment to me for three days and two cold nights in the bush, but I said "O.K." with a great deal of doubt hidden behind my external firmness.
-Having committed myself to the venture which was only six days
-distant, I had to devote myself to some plan of preparation to at
+Having committed myself to the venture which was only six days distant, I had to devote myself to some plan of preparation to at least put up some sort of a show. I accordingly phoned an old friend of mine, whom I knew to be an expert at the sport. He soon convinced me that hiking (or "walking" as he called it) was no ordinary sport. It was a battle against Nature, sometimes in the most violent form and he thought that Alan's list of requirements somewhat under-rated the enemy. He spoke of tents, sleeping bags, ground sheets, spare singlet, proper shoes, snake bite outfit etc. vaseline for sore feet, matches and candle, in fact everything down to the key of the house so that I could let myself in on my return. Besides this he tendered valuable advice on the virtue of travelling lightly weighted, digging hip holes, putting my spare pair of trousers underneath when retiring at night, as it is just as important to have as much under one as on top. These hints were eagerly accepted by me - you see, Alan and Jim thought I was an expert and I therefore had to acquire knowledge fast.
-least put up some sort of a show. I accordingly phoned an old friend
-of mine,. whom I knew to be an expert at the sport. He soon convinced
+The final arrangements were that we sleep at Alan's the night before our departure (Alan's wife being absent in the country) and pack. Soon after my arrival at his home I could see that both my companions were very keen amateur photographers, but, as far as Alan was concerned, he was an amateur only because the Dept. of Information and Life Magazine had not snapped up his services. When discussing photography he wore a very worried look but internally was elated. He showed me some of his masterpieces. "Could I not see the composition in his pictures, etc. etc.?" I casually mentioned that a friend of mine had recently shown me a stereoscopic contraption, which was like looking at the actual scene. This sent my host off on a line of thought about third dimensions and a lot of other stuff that was beyond me. It was now 12.30 a.m. but he asked me if I should like to read the American Photographic Society Journal of 1938 before retiring. Jim came to my rescue suggesting a cup of tea and then to bed. This was carried unanimously (or 2 to 1 anyway) and we all plunged into the absent wife's double bed. At 2.30 a.m. Alan sneaked out of bed and I heard a few bumps out in his hobby room. Goodness, thought I, he must have over-exposed or under-baked a film or something and have suddenly remembered it. He did not return. In the morning he protested that when Jim stopped snoring I commenced and it was too much for his artistic temperament.
-me that hiking (or "walking" as he called it) was no ordinary sport. It was a battle &gainst Nature, sometimes in the most violent form and he thought that Alan's list of requirements somewhat under-rated the enemy. He spoke of tents, sleeping bags, ground sheets, spare singlet, proper shoes, snake bite outfit etc. vaseline for sore feet,
-matches and candle, in fact everything down to the key of the house so
+Our starting place was Robertson, a small township on the Southern Highlands. From the Railway Station you can see the once famous Ranelagh Hotel, whose downfall was the mountain mists and changeable weather of this district. The guest golfers would find themselwes away out on the links when the mists would envelop them and the only "strike" they had was a sit down one until the mists passed.
-that I could let myself in on my return. Besides this he tendered valuable advice on the virtue of travelling lightly weighted, digging hip holes, putting my spare pair of trousers underneath when retiring at night, as it is just as important to have as much under one as on top. These hints were eagerly accepted by me - you see, Alan and Jim
-thought I was an expert and I therefore had to acquire knowledge fast.
+I enquired of a country-looking chap about a short cut leading to the main track, and he replied, "I am going down that way very shortly and if you like I will give you a lift in the truck", I blurted out my acceptance, but then ho finished, "I am going over to the pub to have a drink first". Jim and I accompanied him (Alan being already out snooping for shots). On the way to the pub we were joined by several of the driver's acquaintances who were all in at the "kill". We then boarded the waggon (somewhat against our professional pride, oh yea) and were instructed to seat ourselves on the wheat meal which was being transported to the local piggery. Alan tasted it and assured me that it was the germ of the wheat, first class quality as the pigs get only the best. My early morning breakfast fears that he was a student of diet as well as photography were now confirmed and, as my nominee, he was there and then elected cook for the trip, a position he thankfully accepted.
-The final arrangements were that we sleep at Alan's the night before our departure (Alan's wife being abs6nt in the country) and pack. Soon after my arrival at his home I could see that both my companions were very keen amateur photographers, but, as far as Alan was concerned,
-he was an amateur onlY because the Dept. of Information and Life Maga-
-zine had not snapped up his services. When:Aiscussing photography he
-wore a very worried look but internally was elated. He showed me some 0 of his masterpieces. "Could I not see the Composition in his pictures, etc. etc.?" I casually mentioned that a friend of mine had recently
-shown me a stereoscopic contraption, which was like looking at the actual scene. _This sent my host off on a line of thought about third dimensions and a lot of other stuff that was beyond me. It was now 12,30 a m. but he asked me if I should like to read the American
-Photographic Society Journal of 1938 before retiring. Jim came to my.
-rescue suggesting a cup of ten and then to bed. This was carried
-unanimously (or 2 to 1 nny y) and we a:, into the absent wifels double bed. At 2,30 a m. Alan sneaked 'dirt of bed and I heard a few
-;bumps out in his hobby room. Goodness, thought I, he must have over-exposed or under-baked a film or something and have suddenly remembered it. He did not return. In the morning he protested that when Jim stopped snoring I commenced and it was too much for his artistic temperament.
-Our starting place was Robertson, a small township on the Southern' Highlands. From the Railway Station you can See the once famous Ranelagh Hotel, whose downfall was the mountain mists and changeable_ weather of this district. he guest golfers wOuld find themselVes away out on the links when the Mists would envelop them and the only "strite" they had was a eit down one until the mists passed;
-I enquired of a country-looking ohap about a short cut leading to the main track, and he replied, "I am going down that way very shortly and if you like I will give you a lift in the truck", I blurted out my acceptance-, but then ho finished, "I am going over to the pub to have a drink first". Jim and accompanied him (Alan being already out snooping for shots). On the way to the pub we were joined by several of the driverto acquaintances who were all in at the "kill". We then boarded the waggon (somewhat against our professional pride, oh yea) and were instructed to seat ourselves on the wheat meal which was being transported to the local piggery. Alan tasted it and assured me that it was the germ of thu wheat, first class quality 10 the piss get only the best. My early morning breakfast fears that he was a student of diet as well as photography were now confirmed and, as my nominee, he was there and then elected cook for the trip, a position hotbankfully accepted.
 At last we touched the earth with the intention of walking on it. Are all walkers and photographers like this? I wondered. What is it like when you get started?. Well, I am still walking.
-Mg=
-ANNUAL MEETING , 8th.. MARCH.
+=====Annual Meeting - 8th March.=====
-Were you an office-bearer of the Club, are you an Office--bearer, will you be an office-bearer? If not, why not? Answer on the Annual night. It must not be said of you
-"And even so, he's stale, he's been there too long. Touch him, and you'll find he's all gone inside
+Were you an Office-bearer of the Club, are you an Office-bearer, will you be an Office-bearer? If not, why not? Answer on the Annual night. It must not be said of you
-dust like an old mushroom, all wormy inside, and hollow under the smooth skin and an upright appearance,"
-At the February meeting the Club approved of the suggestion that a small room, at a cost not exceeding ten shillings per week, be rented in order, primarily, to house the Club's duplicator. Such a room,however, could be used to advantage for other activities of the Club and might in time blossom into a comfortable meeting place for walkers,
+"And even so, he's stale, he's been there too long.\\
-The essential qualification for the room (apart from cheapness;) is ready access any night, Has anyone any ideas?
+Touch him, and you'll find he's all gone inside\\
-.
+just like an old mushroom, all wormy inside, and hollow\\
- ...11110.1.11..110....
+under the smooth skin and an upright appearance."
+At the February meeting the Club approved of the suggestion that a small room, at a cost not exceeding ten shillings per week, be rented in order, primarily, to house the Club's duplicator. Such a room, however, could be used to advantage for other activities of the Club and might in time blossom into a comfortable meeting place for walkers.
+The essential qualification for the room (apart from cheapness!) is ready access any night. Has anyone any ideas?
 THE NEWS .E.
 ALMA MATER AT CHARLOTTE'S PASS